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sars-cov-2:origins [2022/02/28 21:26] mathew added Andrew Huff interview | sars-cov-2:origins [2022/12/06 18:41] (current) tonika [Origins Hypotheses] | ||
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====== Origins of SARS-CoV-2 ====== | ====== Origins of SARS-CoV-2 ====== | ||
The origins of the [[: | The origins of the [[: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * [[SARS-CoV-2: | ||
+ | * [[SARS-CoV-2: | ||
+ | * [[SARS-CoV-2: | ||
+ | * [[SARS-CoV-2: | ||
+ | * [[SARS-CoV-2: | ||
+ | * [[SARS-CoV-2: | ||
+ | * [[SARS-CoV-2: | ||
===== Meta-Commentary on Origins Theories and Controversies ===== | ===== Meta-Commentary on Origins Theories and Controversies ===== | ||
* September 14, 2020 - In an interview published by [[HuffPost]], | * September 14, 2020 - In an interview published by [[HuffPost]], | ||
* February 16, 2021, "Why China and the WHO Will Never Find a Zoonotic Origin For the COVID-19 Pandemic Virus" by Jonathan Latham, PhD and Allison Wilson, PhD.(([[https:// | * February 16, 2021, "Why China and the WHO Will Never Find a Zoonotic Origin For the COVID-19 Pandemic Virus" by Jonathan Latham, PhD and Allison Wilson, PhD.(([[https:// | ||
+ | * Apr 1, 2021 - Dan Serotka opines on quasispecies mutant swarms.((April 1, 2021 | Dan Serotka | [[: | ||
* May 2, 2021 ([[https:// | * May 2, 2021 ([[https:// | ||
* Aug 17, 2021 ([[https:// | * Aug 17, 2021 ([[https:// | ||
* Feb 22, 2022 Dr. [[:Robert Malone]] discusses the Wuhan lab leak theory with [[: | * Feb 22, 2022 Dr. [[:Robert Malone]] discusses the Wuhan lab leak theory with [[: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Research Compilations ==== | ||
+ | * [[:Charles Rixey|Charles Rixey' | ||
==== Engineering Consensus of a Narrative ==== | ==== Engineering Consensus of a Narrative ==== | ||
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* Aug 11, 2021 ([[https:// | * Aug 11, 2021 ([[https:// | ||
* Shan-Lu Liu (Ohio State) | * Shan-Lu Liu (Ohio State) | ||
+ | * February 10, 2022 - WIV Virologist [[:Shi Zhengli]] employs a " | ||
=== Evidence Tampering === | === Evidence Tampering === | ||
+ | Australian virologist Dr. Edward Holmes was targeted for congressional investigation for allegedly covering up evidence regarding the origins of SARS-CoV-2.((February 13, 2022 | Nick Holt | [[https:// | ||
== The Missing Coronavirus Genetic Database == | == The Missing Coronavirus Genetic Database == | ||
On the 12th Sep 2019, the main database administered by [[:Shi Zhengli]] of samples and viral sequences at the [[:Wuhan Institute of Virology]] (WIV) went offline. At some point, each of the other 15 virus databases managed by the WIV was taken offline.((February, | On the 12th Sep 2019, the main database administered by [[:Shi Zhengli]] of samples and viral sequences at the [[:Wuhan Institute of Virology]] (WIV) went offline. At some point, each of the other 15 virus databases managed by the WIV was taken offline.((February, | ||
+ | |||
+ | == NIH Deletes Genomic Data? == | ||
+ | A FOIA filed by the Virginia group Empower Oversight Whistleblowers and Researchers revealed that on June 16, 2020, the NIH deleted genetic sequencing data from Wuhan at the behest of a Wuhan researcher. From those documents: " | ||
+ | |||
+ | In April 2022, an NIH spokesperson stated that the data was " | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Rearrangement of Wuhan Data == | ||
+ | * Mar 5, 2022 - Charles Rixey contests data from Worobey paper studying Wuhan outbreak.((March 5, 2022 | [[:Charles Rixey]] | [[https:// | ||
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==== Withheld Information ==== | ==== Withheld Information ==== | ||
* The NIH continues to withhold critical documents that could shed light on the origin of the coronavirus pandemic.((February 20, 2022 | [[:The Intercept]] | [[https:// | * The NIH continues to withhold critical documents that could shed light on the origin of the coronavirus pandemic.((February 20, 2022 | [[:The Intercept]] | [[https:// | ||
- | |||
- | ==== Evidence of Earlier Spread ==== | ||
- | |||
- | === Wastewater Reports === | ||
- | Sewage samples from Barcelona, Spain from May, 2019.((June 13, 2020 | Gemma Chavarria-Miro et al | preprint | Sentinel surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater anticipates the occurrence of COVID-19 cases | [[https:// | ||
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Note that some of these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive. | Note that some of these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive. | ||
- | ==== Genetic Engineering Hypotheses ==== | ||
- | From essentially the outset of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], some scientists have pointed to evidence that SARS-CoV-2 came about through [[: | ||
- | |||
- | === Biological Attack Hypothesis === | ||
- | A long and detailed article published in [[State of the Nation]] lays out a case that [[: | ||
=== Earlier Circulation Hypothesis === | === Earlier Circulation Hypothesis === | ||
* December 20, 2021 - Evidence for a Potential Pre-Pandemic SARS-like Coronavirus Among Animals in North America((December 20, 2021 | Trevor Hancock et al | Evidence for a Potential Pre-Pandemic SARS-like Coronavirus Among Animals in North America | [[https:// | * December 20, 2021 - Evidence for a Potential Pre-Pandemic SARS-like Coronavirus Among Animals in North America((December 20, 2021 | Trevor Hancock et al | Evidence for a Potential Pre-Pandemic SARS-like Coronavirus Among Animals in North America | [[https:// | ||
+ | ===Larry Romanoff Hypothesis === | ||
- | ==== Zoonotic Origins Hypothesis ==== | + | [[https:// |
- | Since the start of the pandemic, authorities have primarily promoted a theory of zoonotic transfer from an animal host to humans. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Bat Coronaviruses === | + | |
- | SARS-CoV-2 is most highly similar to coronaviruses that have been found in bats. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | The [[:RaTG13]] [[: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | More recently, close coronavirus relatives to SARS-CoV-2 have been found in bats in [[: | + | |
- | 10.21203/ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Conflicts of Interest === | + | |
- | Since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 origins debate, a great deal of information has surfaced regarding what at least stand out as conflicts of interest, if not outright corruption, among those defending theories of natural origins. At least $50 million in NIAID funding went to scientists instrumental in defending the natural origins hypothesis.((January 19, 2022 | [[:The Epoch Times]] | [[https://www.theepochtimes.com/ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Related Research === | + | |
- | * July 25, 2020 - Poudel et al: Animal coronaviruses and coronavirus disease 2019: Lesson for One Health approach.((July 25, 2020 | Poudel et al | [[:Open Veterinary Journal]] | [[https:// | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ==== Hoax Hypotheses ==== | + | |
- | + | ||
- | === Questions About Purification & Sequencing === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Numerous FOIA replies from the CDC, apparently showing that no virus, ever, has been successfully purified and sequenced, including SARS-Covid-2.((https:// | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Meanwhile Heiko, an independent researcher, asked the science teams of the relevant papers which are referred to in the context of SARS-CoV-2 for proof whether the electron-microscopic shots depicted in their in vitro experiments show purified viruses. Not a single team could answer that question with “yes” — and note, nobody said purification was not a necessary step. We only got answers like “No, we did not obtain an electron micrograph showing the degree of purification” (see below).**Citation Needed** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | We asked several study authors “Do your electron micrographs show the purified virus?”, they gave the following responses: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Study 1:** Leo L. M. Poon; Malik Peiris. “Emergence of a novel human coronavirus threatening human health” Nature Medicine, March 2020((https:// | + | |
- | Replying Author: Malik Peiris | + | |
- | Date: May 12, 2020 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Answer: “The image is the virus budding from an infected cell. It is not purified virus.” | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Study 2:** Myung-Guk Han et al. “Identification of Coronavirus Isolated from a Patient in Korea with COVID-19”, | + | |
- | Replying Author: Myung-Guk Han | + | |
- | Date: May 6, 2020 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Answer: “We could not estimate the degree of purification because we do not purify and concentrate the virus cultured in cells.” | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Study 3:** Wan Beom Park et al. “Virus Isolation from the First Patient with SARS-CoV-2 in Korea”, Journal of Korean Medical Science, February 24, 2020((https:// | + | |
- | Replying Author: Wan Beom Park | + | |
- | Date: March 19, 2020 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Answer: “We did not obtain an electron micrograph showing the degree of purification.” | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Study 4:** Na Zhu et al., “A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China”, 2019, New England Journal of Medicine, February 20, 2020((https:// | + | |
- | Replying Author: Wenjie Tan | + | |
- | Date: March 18, 2020 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Answer: “[We show] an image of sedimented virus particles, not purified ones.” | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Regarding the mentioned papers it is clear that what is shown in the electron micrographs (EMs) is the end result of the experiment, meaning there is no other result that they could have made EMs from. That is to say, if the authors of these studies concede that their published EMs do not show purified particles, then they definitely do not possess purified particles claimed to be viral. | + | |
- | A December 28, 2021 Substack article by Arkmedic, "How to BLAST((https:// | ||
- | ==== Fish Sticks Hypothesis ==== | ||
- | https:// | ||
==== Not China Hypothesis ==== | ==== Not China Hypothesis ==== | ||
The coronavirus may not have originated in China, says Oxford professor.((https:// | The coronavirus may not have originated in China, says Oxford professor.((https:// |