The word vaccine originates from the Latin Variolae vaccinae (cowpox), which Edward Jenner demonstrated in 1798 could prevent smallpox in humans. Today the term ‘vaccine’ applies to all biological preparations, produced from living organisms, that enhance immunity against disease and either prevent (prophylactic vaccines) or, in some cases,treat disease (therapeutic vaccines). Vaccines are administered in liquid form, either by injection, by oral or by intranasal routes.

World Health Organization. Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals. Vaccine Fact Book 2012 https://web.archive.org/web/20160327113913/https://www.phrma-jp.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/old/library/vaccine-factbook_e/1_Basic_Concept_of_Vaccination.pdf

Vaccine development is generally a long process, taking years to design, hone, and test, in addition to feedback loops in that development process.

• Anthrax Vaccines
• BCG Vaccines
• Coronavirus Vaccines include the COVID-19 Vaccines
• Dengue Vaccines
• Influenza Vaccines also known as Flu Vaccines
• Polio Vaccines
• SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines are generally referred to as COVID-19 Vaccines
• Shingles Vaccines
• Small Pox Vaccines

• Attenuated Virus Vaccines
• DNA Vaccines
• mRNA Vaccines