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COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19 is a disease first associated with some people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and later associated with some recipients of the COVID-19 vaccines.

COVID-19 Cases

A COVID-19 case has often been confused with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, viral infection has not historically implied disease. This has created substantial confusion, and made statistics harder to gather and evaluate.

Symptoms of COVID-19

COVID-19 is primarily associated with acute respiratory syndrome and vascular problems.

Blood

Kubankova et al, 2021: Physical phenotype of blood cells is altered in COVID-19 (https://www.cell.com/biophysj/pdf/S0006-3495(21)00454-9.pdf?fbclid=IwAR2gHVZ_8bCbSpicoWoX4cHPT8K5Xpe72fPMmC8zrs4Q8qHsMCM2C0vgt_A)

Long Haul COVID-19

A fraction of those who develop COVID-19 suffer long-term health consequences after recover from the acute form of the disease.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.698169/full

Asymptomatic COVID-19

We usually do not talk about an asymptomatic disease state in medicine, though it is debatably more plausible that COVID-19 is associated with increased health problems not detectable by early outward symptoms.

Major COVID-19 Correlates and Comorbidities

COVID-19 and Age

The COVID-19 age curve is steep, with the elderly effected most and the young effected the least.1) The more severe the case of COVID, the steeper is the age curve.

Seealso : Risk Stratification

COVID-19 and Autoimmune Health

Autoimmune disorders and immunodeficiency might be described as the “primary COVID-19 correlate and comorbidity”, but is strangely underdiscussed by public health officials and the mainstream media.

COVID-19 and Blood Type

There is conflicting discussion of a correlation between COVID-19 and blood type, but evidence of a link may have thinned over time.

COVID-19 and BMI

COVID-19 and Diabetes

COVID-19 and Race

  • Shimizu et al (Dec 2, 2021): Identification of TCR repertoires in functionally competent cytotoxic T cells cross-reactive to SARS-CoV-2.
  • * Gene associated with less severe COVID more common in Asia.
  • * The Washington Free Beacon, Nov 29, 2021: Discussing this research is racist.

COVID-19 and Vitamin/Mineral Deficiencies

COVID-19 and Vitamin A Deficiency

Tepasse et al, 2021 showed significant association between Vitamin A and many endpoints of disease progression such as hospitalization, ARDS, and mortality.2)

COVID-19 and Vitamin D Deficiency

Other Risk Research

COVID-19 has been observed in some research to increase odds ratios of mortality the most with those suffering from diabetes (6.426), renal failure (4.338), and hypertension (3.261). 3)

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34779496/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34485092/

Prion Disease

There is some evidence that prion-like domains in the spike protein enable higher affinity for ACE2 receptor binding. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNFzfwLM72c&t=2s

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interactions with amyloidogenic proteins: Potential clues to neurodegeneration: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7988450/

Major Topics Surrounding COVID-19

1)
Ledford, H. (2021). Deaths from COVID ‘incredibly rare’ among children. Nature, 595(7869), 639. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-01897-w
2)
Tepasse, P. R., Vollenberg, R., Fobker, M., Kabar, I., Schmidt, H., Meier, J. A., Nowacki, T., & Hüsing-Kabar, A. (2021). Vitamin A Plasma Levels in COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Study and Hypothesis. Nutrients, 13(7), 2173. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13072173
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