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 ===== History of the Pharmaceutical Industry ===== ===== History of the Pharmaceutical Industry =====
 +
 +The origins of the pharmaceutical industry can be traced back to the [[chemical]] industries (of the late nineteenth century) in the upper Rhine Valley of Switzerland. These industries were producing dye stuffs. When dye stuffs were found to have antiseptic properties, a number of these industries turned into pharmaceutical industries e.g. [[Hoffman-La Roche]], [[Sandoz]], [[Ciba-Geigy]], etc. 
 +
 +Another origin is the drug store. The first known drug store was opened by Arabian pharmacists in Baghdad in 754, and many more soon began operating throughout the Islamic world and Europe. By the 19th century, many of the drug stores in Europe and North America had developed into larger pharmaceutical companies. 
 +
 +Most of today's major pharmaceutical companies were founded in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. 
 +[[https://web.archive.org/web/20100120103354/https://www.scribd.com/doc/21734187/History-of-Pharmaceutical-Industry]]
  
 The roots of the pharmaceutical industry lie back with the apothecaries and pharmacies that offered traditional remedies as far back as the middle ages, offering a hit-and-miss range of treatments based on centuries of folk knowledge. The roots of the pharmaceutical industry lie back with the apothecaries and pharmacies that offered traditional remedies as far back as the middle ages, offering a hit-and-miss range of treatments based on centuries of folk knowledge.
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 ===== Research and Development ===== ===== Research and Development =====
  
 +The period between 1918 and 1939 was marked by two breakthroughs that presaged the arrival of the pharma industry as we know it today. The first was [[insulin]] – Frederick Banting and colleagues managed to isolate insulin that could treat diabetes, up until that point a fatal condition. But it was only in collaboration with the scientists at [[Eli Lilly]] that they were able to sufficiently purify the extract and industrially produce and distribute it as an effective medicine.
 +
 +The second was [[penicillin]], a discovery of an impact possibly unparalleled by any other in medicine. After Alexander Fleming’s initial discovery of the penicillium mould’s antibiotic properties in 1928, and Howard Florey and Ernst Chain’s further experimentation, a government-supported international collaboration including Merck, [[Pfizer]] and [[Squibb]] worked on mass producing the drug during World War Two, saving thousands of soldiers’ lives. The immense scale and sophistication of the [[penicillin]] development effort marked a new era for the way the [[pharmaceutical industry]] developed drugs. The war had also encouraged research into everything from new analgesics to drugs against typhus, with a great deal of collaboration between the companies and government.
 +
 +https://web.archive.org/web/20200929225934/https://pharmaphorum.com/r-d/a_history_of_the_pharmaceutical_industry/
 ==== Patent Medicine ==== ==== Patent Medicine ====
  
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 === Pharmaceutical Lobby === === Pharmaceutical Lobby ===
 +
 +Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, also known as [[PhRMA]], is one of the largest and most influential lobbying organizations in Washington. Representing 48 pharmaceutical companies.
 +
 +PhRMA has 20 registered lobbyists on staff and has contracted with dozens of lobby and PR firms -- including [[Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld]], [[Barbour Griffith & Rogers]], [[DCI Group]] and [[The Dutko Group]]-- to promote its members' interests. PhRMA has a record of hiding its lobbying and PR activities, often by paying other organizations, such as [[United Seniors Association]] (USA) or the [[Consumer Alliance]], to advocate industry-friendly policies.
 +
 +PhRMA was a member of ALEC's "Private Enterprise" Board of Directors as of 2016, with lobbyist [[Jeff Bond]] representing it on the board.[11] PhRMA was also a 2011 recipient of ALEC's Private Sector Member of the Year Award, a "Chairman" level sponsor of 2011 [[ALEC]] Annual Conference, which equated to $50,000 in 2010, a sponsor of Louisiana Governor [[Bobby Jindal]]'s plenary luncheon speech at the 2011 ALEC Annual Conference, and a "Vice Chair"-level sponsor of the 2016 ALEC Annual Conference.
 +A list of ALEC corporations can be found here.((https://sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Pharmaceutical_Research_and_Manufacturers_of_America))
 +
 +ALEC is a corporate bill mill. It is not just a lobby or a front group; it is much more powerful than that. Through ALEC, corporations hand state legislators their wishlists to benefit their bottom line. Corporations fund almost all of ALEC's operations. They pay for a seat on ALEC task forces where corporate lobbyists and special interest reps vote with elected officials to approve “model” bills. Learn more at the Center for Media and Democracy's ALECexposed.org, and check out breaking news on our ExposedbyCMD.org site.
 +
 +Soon after Wisconsin Governor [[Scott Walker]] came into office, Walker and GOP state legislators pushed for the adoption of Wisconsin Act 2, an ALEC-influenced bill that benefitted the bottom line of PhRMA members. The bill seeks to **implement "tort reform" by "limiting the ability to hold corporations accountable for causing injury or death" and "make it easier for corporations like drugmakers to escape liability for manufacturing dangerous products or products** with insufficient warnings about hazards." The legislation drew heavily from ALEC Model bills on tort reform, including the "[[Constitutional Guidelines for Punitive Damages Act]]" and the "[[Product Liability Act]]."((https://web.archive.org/web/20220103055353/https://sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Pharmaceutical_Research_and_Manufacturers_of_America))
 +
 +
 +=== PhRMA Doctors ===
 +
 +(Ezekiel) [[Zeke Emanuel M.D.]] is a senior fellow at [[American Progress]] and the vice provost for global initiatives. He was the founding chair of the department of bioethics at the [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH) and served on former President Bill Clinton’s Health Care Task Force,((https://web.archive.org/web/20220204051645/https://www.americanprogress.org/people/emanuel-zeke/))
 +
 +[[Scott Gottlieb M.D.]] Gottlieb Was The Commissioner Of The [[Food And Drug Administration]] (FDA) Under The Trump Administration. As Of November 15, 2021. According to their Pfizer board member page, Dr. Scott Gottlieb is a member of Pfizer’s board of directors. 
  
 === Social Media Influencers === === Social Media Influencers ===
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 ===== Regulation of Pharmaceutical Industry ===== ===== Regulation of Pharmaceutical Industry =====
 Different governing bodies regulate the pharmaceutical industry according to their own legal and governance structures. Different governing bodies regulate the pharmaceutical industry according to their own legal and governance structures.
 +
 +==== FDA Regulation Timeline ====
 +
 +(select highlights not full list)
 +
 +1905 - The [[American Medical Association]], through its Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry, initiates a voluntary program of drug approval that would last until 1955. To earn the right to advertise in [[AMA]] and related journals,companies submitted evidence, for review by the Council and outside experts,
 +to support their therapeutic claims for drugs.
 +
 +1914 - The [[Harrison Narcotic Act]] requires prescriptions for products exceeding the allowable limit of [[narcotics]] and mandates increased record-keeping for physicians and pharmacists who dispense narcotics.
 +
 +1930 - The name of the Food, Drug, and [[Insecticide]] Administration is shortened to
 +Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under an [[agricultural appropriations]] act.
 +
 +1938 - The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic (FDC) Act of 1938 is passed by Congress, containing new provisions- Extending control to cosmetics and therapeutic devices.- Requiring new drugs to be shown safe before marketing, starting a new system of drug regulation.
 +
 +1951 - [[Durham-Humphrey Amendment]] defines the kinds of drugs that cannot be used safely without medical supervision and restricts their sale to [[prescription]] by a licensed practitioner. 
 +
 +1966 - FDA contracts with the [[National Academy of Sciences]]/National Research Council to evaluate the effectiveness of 4,000 drugs approved on the basis of safety alone between 1938 and 1962.
 +
 +1970 - In Upjohn v. Finch the Court of Appeals upholds enforcement of the 1962 drug effectiveness amendments by ruling that commercial success alone does not constitute substantial evidence of drug safety and efficacy. FDA requires the first [[patient package insert]]- oral contraceptives must contain information for the patient about specific risks and benefits.
 +
 +1977 - Introduction of the [[Bioresearch Monitoring Program]] as an agency-wide initiative ensures the quality and integrity of data submitted to FDA and provides for the [[protection of human subjects]] in [[clinical trials]] by focusing on preclinical studies on animals, clinical investigations, and the work of institutional review boards.
 +
 +1981 - FDA and the Department of Health and Human Services revise regulations for human subject protections, based on the 1979 Belmont Report, which had been issued by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. The revised rules provide for
 +wider representation on institutional review boards and they detail elements ofwhat constitutes informed consent, among other provisions.
 +
 +1987 Investigational drug regulations revised to expand access to experimental drugs for patients with serious diseases with no alternative therapies. 
 +
 +1988 - Food and Drug Administration Act of 1988 officially establishes FDA as an agency of the Department of Health and Human Services with a Commissioner of Food and Drugs appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, and broadly spells out the responsibilities of the Secretary and the
 +Commissioner for research, enforcement, education, and information.
 +
 +The [[Prescription Drug Marketing Act]] bans the diversion of prescription drugs from legitimate commercial channels. Congress finds that the resale of such drugs leads to the distribution of mislabeled, adulterated, subpotent, and counterfeit drugs to the public. The new law requires drug wholesalers to be licensed by the states; restricts reimportation from other countries; and bans sale, trade or purchase of drug samples, and traffic or counterfeiting of redeemable drug coupons.
 +
 +1991 -The policy for protection of human subjects in research, promulgated in 1981 by FDA and the Department of Health and Human Services, is adopted by more than a dozen federal entities involved in human subject research and becomes known as the Common Rule. This rule issues requirements for
 +researchers who obtain and document informed consent, secures special protection for children, women, and prisoners, elaborates on required procedures for institutional review boards, and ensures that research
 +institutions comply with the regulations.
 +
 +2004 - [[Project BioShield]] Act of 2004 authorizes FDA to [[expedite its review procedures]] to enable rapid distribution of treatments as countermeasures to chemical, biological, and nuclear agents that may be used in a terrorist attack against the U. S., among other provisions.
 +
 +2005 -  Formation of the [[Drug Safety Board]] is announced, consisting of FDA staff and representatives from the National Institutes of Health and the Veterans Administration. The Board will advise the Director, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, FDA, on drug safety issues and work with the agency in
 +communicating safety information to health professionals and patients. Three final guidances were published to fulfill FDA's commitment to the risk management performance goals that are part of the 2002 reauthorization of PDUFA.
 +* Premarketing Risk Assessment
 +* Development and Use of Risk Minimization Action Plans
 +* Good Pharmacovigilance Practices and Pharmacoepidemiologic Assessment
 +
 +https://web.archive.org/web/20210306155449/https://www.fda.gov/media/74571/download
  
 The Thalidomide scandal of 1961 prompted an increase in the regulation and testing of drugs before licensing, with a new amendment to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rules demanding proof of efficacy and accurate disclosure of side-effects for new medications (the Kefauver-Harris Amendment) being implemented in 1962. Likewise, the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki put greater ethical structures on clinical research, clearly cementing the difference between production of scientific prescription medicines and other chemicals. The Thalidomide scandal of 1961 prompted an increase in the regulation and testing of drugs before licensing, with a new amendment to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rules demanding proof of efficacy and accurate disclosure of side-effects for new medications (the Kefauver-Harris Amendment) being implemented in 1962. Likewise, the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki put greater ethical structures on clinical research, clearly cementing the difference between production of scientific prescription medicines and other chemicals.
 https://web.archive.org/web/20200929225934/https://pharmaphorum.com/r-d/a_history_of_the_pharmaceutical_industry/ https://web.archive.org/web/20200929225934/https://pharmaphorum.com/r-d/a_history_of_the_pharmaceutical_industry/
 +
 +==== The Pharmaceutical Drug Racket ==== 
 +Part One - THE ROCKETING COST OF HEALTH CARE
 +
 +Drug companies employ many means in bribing doctors and medical institutions. Dr Levin writes;
 +
 +"Young physicians are offered research grants by drug companies. Medical schools are given large sums of money for [[clinical trials]] and basic pharmaceutical research. Drug companies regularly host lavish dinner and cocktail parties for groups of physicians. They provide funding for the establishment of hospital buildings, medical school buildings, and 'independent' research institutes.
 +
 +"The pharmaceutical industry has purposefully moved to develop an enormous amount of influence within [[medical teaching institutions]]. This move was greatly facilitated by several factors. The first was the economic recession, which caused a marked constriction in federal funding for research programs. Academic scientists lacked funding for pet research projects. 
 +    
 +The second was the tremendous interest that academic scientists held in [[biotechnology]], the stock market, and the possibility of becoming millionaires overnight. The third is the fact that academic physicians tend to lack real clinical experience. In the university, the physician is an expert in esoteric disease, end-stage disease, and animal models of human disease. 
 +
 +He or she has little or no experience with the day-to-day needs of the chronically ill patient or the patient with very early symptoms of serious illness. As the academic physician does not depend upon the good will of the patient for his or her livelihood, the patient's well-being becomes of minor consideration to him or her. All these factors make the academic physician a very poor judge of treatment efficacy and a willing pawn of health industrialists.
 +
 +"Pharmaceutical companies, by enlisting the aid of influential academic physicians, have gained control of the practice of medicine in the United States. They now set the standards of practice by hiring investigators to perform studies which establish the efficacy of their products or impugn that of their competitors.... 
 +
 +Dr Alan Levin is an Adjunct Associate Professor of Immunology and Dermatology at the University of California. He is a Fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians, the College of American Pathologists, and the [[American Society of Clinical Pathologists]]. Dr Levin is also a recipient of fellowships and awards from [[Harvard Medical School]] and other medical institutions, and was Director of various research laboratories. ((https://web.archive.org/web/19981202004429/http://www.pnc.com.au/~cafmr/online/medical/drug1a.html))
 +
 +
 +==== THE DRUG STORY ====
 +
 +How the pharmaceutical industry took control of the hospitals, universities, research and other institutions in the early part of this century is amply demonstrated by world-famous medical historian and author, Hans Ruesch, in his devastating expose: Naked Empress or The Great Medical Fraud (55) (1992). The book is an absolute must to read. Naked Empress exposes massive corruption and fraud in medicine, science, industries, governments, media, and various organisations. The importance of this book cannot be overstated.
 +
 +In Naked Empress, Ruesch cited another important expose titled The Drug Story (1949), by American investigative reporter, [[Morris A. Bealle]]. According to Bealle; "America's largest and most ruthless industrial combine, the Rockefeller Empire" which was built on [[Standard Oil Company]] in the early part of this century became interested in the drug trade after making breath-taking profits from palming off bottled petroleum called Nujol as a supposed cure for cancer and later constipation.
 +
 +In 1939 the [[Drug Trust]] was formed by an alliance of the world's two greatest cartels in world history - the Rockefeller Empire and the German chemical company, I.G. Farbenindustrie [[I.G. Farben]]. Drug profits from that time onwards curved upwards into gigantic proportions and by 1948 it became a 10 billion dollar a year industry. 
 +
 +I.G. Farben's unsavoury past is highlighted by the fact that during the Second World War it built and operated a massive chemical plant at [[Auschwitz]] using slave labour. Approximately 300,000 concentration-camp workers passed through I.G. Farben's facilities at Auschwitz and at least 25,000 of them were worked to death. (58) Also, others were brutally killed in I.G. Farben's drug testing programs. (59) Twelve of I.G. Farben's top executives were sentenced to terms of imprisonment for slavery and mistreatment offences at the Nuremberg war crime trials. (60)
 +
 +[[Hoechst]] and [[Bayer]], the largest and third largest companies in world pharmaceutical sales respectively, are descended from I.G. Farben. In September 1955, Hoechst appointed [[Friedrich Jaehne]], a **convicted war criminal** from the [[Nuremberg]] trials, as Chairman of its supervisory board. Also, a year later, Bayer appointed Fitz ter Meer, another convicted war criminal, as Chairman of its board. (61)
 +
 +On the Rockefellers' moves towards "influencing" medical colleges and public agencies in the United States, Bealle writes;"The last annual report of the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] itemizes the gifts it has made to colleges and public agencies in the past 44 years [from 1948], and they total somewhat over half a billion dollars. 
 +
 +These colleges, of course, teach their students all the drug lore the Rockefeller [[pharmaceutical]] houses want taught. Otherwise there would be no more gifts, just as there are no gifts to any of the 30 odd drugless colleges in the United States."  
 +
 +The Rockefellers did not restrict their "educational" activities to the US alone. In 1927 they formed the International Education Board which "donated" millions of dollars to foreign universities and politicos, with all the usual strings attached. 
 +
 +As these huge amounts of money were being "donated" to drug-propagandising colleges, the Rockefeller interests were expanding world-wide. It was large enough 40 years ago for Bealle to state:
 +
 +"It has long been demonstrated that the Rockefeller interests have created, built up and developed the most far reaching industrial empire ever conceived in the mind of man. Standard Oil is of course the foundation industry upon which all of the other industries have been built....
 +
 +"The keystone of this mammoth industrial empire is the Chase National Bank with 27 branches in New York City and 21 in foreign countries [now renamed the [[Chase Manhattan Bank]] with over 200 branches in the US and abroad]. Not the least of its holdings are in the drug business. The Rockefellers own the largest drug manufacturing combine in the world, and use all of their other interests to bring pressure to increase the sale of drugs."  
 +
 +=== THE NOT-SO-INDEPENDENT MEDIA ===
 +
 +Instrumental in Rockefellers' moves towards making the world drug-dependent is their enormous influence on the media. Commenting on this, Ruesch explains;
 +
 +"So the stage was set for the 'education' of the American public, with a view to turning them into a population of drug dependents, with the early help of the schools, then with direct advertising and, last but not least, the influence the advertising revenues had on the media.
 +
 +"A compilation of the magazine [[Advertising Age]] showed that as far back as 1948 the larger companies spent for newspapers, radio and magazine advertising the sum total of $1,104,224,374, when the dollar was still worth a dollar. Of this staggering sum the interlocking Rockefeller-Morgan interests (gone over entirely to Rockefeller after Morgan's death) controlled about 80 percent, and utilized it to manipulate public information on health and drug matters - then as now.
 +
 +"Anybody who tries to get into the mass media independent news, contrary to the interests of the Drug Trust, will sooner or later run into an unbreakable wall....
 +
 +"For big advertisers it is easy not only to plant into the media any news they wish to disseminate, but also to keep out the news they don't want to get around. A survey in 1978 by the [[Columbia Journalism Review]] failed to find a single comprehensive article about the dangers of smoking in the previous seven years in any major magazine accepting cigarette advertising....
 +
 +"Even the most independent newspapers are dependent on their press associations for their national news. And there is no reason for a news editor to suspect that a story coming over the wires of the [[Associated Press]], the [[United Press]] or the [[International News Services]] is censored when it concerns health matters. 
 +
 +Among the many publications owned by the Rockefeller Drug Trust, there are: [[Fortune]], [[Life]], [[Time]], [[Readers Digest]] and [[Newsweek]] magazines, and the [[Encyclopedia Britannica]]. These publications are constantly pushing drugs. 
 +
 +=== FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION - SERVING WHOM? ===
 +
 +Leaving no stone unturned, Ruesch shows how the Drug Trust, in securing their drug interests, planted stooges into senior positions of colleges, universities, and government bodies. About the Food and Drug Administration, Ruesch charges:
 +
 +"When a good law was enacted many years ago for protecting the American public from spoiled food and poisonous drugs, the Drug Trust lost little time to get its hooks into the government bureau that was charged with enforcing the law."
 +
 +"Apparently, the FDA doesn't only wink at the violations of the Drug Trust whose servant it is (such as the mass deaths in the ginger jake and sulfathiozole cases), but it is particularly assiduous in putting out of business all competitors of the Drug Trust, like the vendors of natural therapeutic devices that improve the health of the public and thus decrease the profits of the Drug Trust....
 +
 +"And the situation is practically identical in all the other industrialized countries, notably Great Britain, France and West Germany." 
 +
 +=== THE UNDECLARED WAR ON NATURAL MEDICINE ===
 +
 +The Civil Abolitionist carried an article rightly titled "FDA: The American Gestapo Prosecutor or Persecutor?", which reported that on May 6, 1992, the clinic of [[Jonathan Wright MD]], a highly regarded nutrition specialist, was assailed by 22 armed men because the doctor had been treating his patients with safe natural substances that didn't meet the FDA's approval. During the [[SWAT]] type attack the front door was kicked open, [[guns]] were pointed directly at staff and the shocked patients were herded into a room. Also patient records, equipment, business records and [[vitamin ]]supplies were confiscated. At the time of the article, the FDA had not as yet filed charges against Dr Wright. 
 +
 +In Australia, a repeal of Schedule 1, Exemptions of the [[Therapeutic Goods Act]], scheduled for January 1994, would minimize access to natural therapy remedies by natural therapists and would threaten the existence of the natural therapy profession and manufacturers of natural therapy remedies.
 +
 +Morris H. Rubin, Editor and Publisher of The Progressive, writes in an article in January 1977;
 +
 +"Corporate power has become the dominant force in our society... All attempts to check the mounting power of the corporate giants have failed. Consider the two most important instruments forged by the progressive forces of the country in their crusade to curb the march of monopoly; the regulatory system and the antitrust program...
 +
 +"The regulatory system lies in shambles, and the corporations which were intended to be regulated in the public interest now dominate these regulatory agencies. The betrayal of the public trust is virtually complete... The antitrust laws are virtually dead letters. It is clear from recent disclosures that the Antitrust Division of the Justice Department is almost immobilized because of deals made over its head and behind its back in the White House and other corridors of power..." 
 +
 +"The oil lobby, perhaps the most powerful lobby on earth, is almost matched by hospital owners and doctors." - [[President Carter]], 1979.
 +Copyright 1993, 1995 by the Campaign Against Fraudulent Medical Research, P.O. Box 234, Lawson NSW 2783, Australia. ((https://web.archive.org/web/19990222160114/http://www.pnc.com.au/%7Ecafmr/online/medical/drug1b.html))
 +
 +==== Pharma Medical Cartel ====
 +The Rockefeller’s were not content to influence the medical industry in the United States and Europe. They also took their philosophies and dollars to China. In 1914, Rockefeller put up money to establish the China Medical Board, an American organization whose mission statement was to advance health in China and neighboring Asian countries by funding medical, nursing and public health research and education. The Rockefeller’s incorporated the China Medical Board in New York and launched the Peking Union Medical College in Beijing from 1914 through 1950. The CMB also worked in Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Taiwan. Altogether, the Rockefeller funded China Medical Board invested hundreds of millions of dollars in grants and technical support to medical universities across Far East and Southeast Asia with the goal of bringing the Rockefeller-Carnegie funded Western, allopathic medicine to the world.
 +
 +One of the men who was also funded by Rockefeller was Dr. William Henry Welch, one of the founding professors of Johns Hopkins University. From 1901 to 1933, he worked closely with the Rockefellers as the founding president of the Board of Scientific Directors at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. During this time he was an advisor to John D. Rockefeller and a chief advisor to the U.S. Army’s medical department. With the backing of the Rockefellers he was able to rise to the top of a number of influential organizations and direct the transformation of medical education in the United States. Welch was the president of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Medical Association, the Association of American Physicians, the History of Science Society, the Congress of American Physicians and Surgeons, the Society of American Bacteriologists, and the Maryland State Board of Health. It was with Welch’s help that Rockefeller was able to bring to life Peking Union Medical College in Beijing. Welch hoped the college would become the “Johns Hopkins in China.”
 +
 +It’s important to acknowledge that the Rockefeller guided transformation of the medical and health industry was also an act of displacement and colonization. From the outset their goal was to replace traditional indigenous medicine and traditions. Prior to the Flexner Report and the Rockefeller investments, individuals were free to decide how they want to medicate themselves and their families. This included a wide variety of medicines and rituals practiced by indigenous cultures around the world. Obviously, not every traditional or natural medicine will deliver the promised results, and there are lying, greedy characters peddling snake oil.  However, while modern medicine and science has shaped our world in invaluable ways, we still have so much to learn and understand from the original peoples of this planet. Unfortunately, the vision for medical education and science described in the Flexner report and fleshed out with the funding of the Rockefeller’s resulted in doctors being taught to focus on disease and not on a system of preventative healthcare, a system which could utilize indigenous and western medicine.
 +
 +The Origin of Big Pharma, the Lies of the AMA
 +
 +Now that the medical industry had been cornered by the Rockefellers and a monopoly on licensing had been established, they began to use their resources to promote the need for pharmaceutical drugs to solve the world’s health issues. To do this, the Rockefeller’s used their resources gained from their oil monopoly to form an alliance with German chemical company I.G. Farben. In the years leading to World War 2, the Rockefeller controlled Standard Oil of New Jersey (which later became Exxon) purchased a controlling interest in I.G. Farben. The two companies struck up agreements that would benefit both of their bank accounts. A 1942 article written by journalist Michael Straight for The New Republic states that:
 +
 +“With the [[:Standard Oil Company]], the “marriage,” as I. G. Farben called it, took place in 1929. The dowry which I. G. bestowed upon its bride was the control in clear world markets of I. G.’s patents covering oil and synthetic gasoline. In return, the bridegroom received full powers over the production, even within the United States, of the chemical children of the union, including synthetic rubber.”
 +
 +The article describes how the Rockefeller’s Standard Oil was perfectly aware that [[I.G. Farben]] was reported to have been in the control of the Gestapo as far back as 1934. The Rockefeller’s I.G. Farben plants were instrumental in supporting the Nazi’s during World War 2 by supplying the tools needed to develop weapons of war, including the [[:Zyklon B]] gas used in concrentation camps. There are also researchers who believe the Rockefeller’s not only embraced the financial benefits of a relationship with Hitler’s regime, but that they also supported the Eugenic philosophy. We will explore that claim in upcoming chapters of this series.
 +
 +The Rockefeller’s Farben’s factories also helped Rockefeller take the petrochemicals created from the spoils of the oil industry and use them to begin the mass manufacturing of pharmaceutical drugs, the same drugs that would be increasingly promoted and prescribed by the doctors graduating from medical schools also funded by Rockefeller. Through their organizations the [[:Rockefeller Foundation]], the General Education Board, the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, and funding of institutions like [[:Johns Hopkins University]] and the American Medical Association, the Rockefeller’s were able to completely influence and control the direction of the medical schools and industry of the 20th and 21st century.
 +
 +In the 1994 book, The Assault on Medical Freedom, author and private investigator P. Joseph Lisa claimed to have gained access to secret files in the [[American Medical Association]]’s Chicago Department of investigation. Mr. Lisa says he was hired by a private client to investigatie the [[:AMA]] under the guise of collecting information to expose “mental health quackery.” In the process, he uncovered hundreds of AMA photocopies of memos, minutes and other documents. Lisa said he was able to make copies of the original documents and did so without breaking the law. Over the next decade, Lisa says he investigated the documents and found little evidence of “quackery” and much evidence of an organized propaganda campaign to discredit alternative medicine and foreign drugs.
 +
 +According to Lisa, quackery “was a label that orthodox medicine attached to anything they wanted to discredit in the public’s eye”. Quacks are practitioners “of a brand of medicine that does not espouse the use of surgery, drugs or radiation therapy, and who do not come under the control of organized medicine or organized science”. Lisa did not believe that quacks didn’t exist, but that the medical establishment was using the worst of the bunch as an excuse to stigmatize alternative medicine and eliminate competitors to the pharmaceutical industry. Lisa wrote in his book that what is happening in the United States is “nothing less than an enforced totalitarian medicalpharmaceutical-police state”, “a type of medical McCarthyism”.
 +
 +The history of the Rockefeller funded medical organizations, particularly the [[:American Medical]] Association, does indicate a support of treatments which are often of questionable value and deplatforming of critics who oppose the medical narratives being spun by Big Pharma and the Medical cartel. The AMA has a widely known history of endorsing the use of cigarettes and nicotine as safe and beneficial. The AMA doctors at one point had their own tobacco lounge during their conventions where Big Tobacco execs could provide them an endless supply of cigarettes. The AMA was one of the last medical organizations to acknowledge the harmful effects of nicotine.
 +
 +Additionally, the AMA and other medical organizations practicing modern, so-called evidence based medicine have also been proponents of water fluoridation, a practice which was normalized in the United States in the 1940’s, but one which immediately faced opposition. Although the practice was supported by the American Medical Association, the [[:American Dental Association]], and the U.S. [[:Food and Drug Administration]], there are many studies indicating health problems associated with the practice, including lower IQ in children, thyroid disease, bone fractures, and gastrointestinal effects. In fact, in 2020 a lawsuit brought by the [[Fluoride Action Network]] against the U.S [[Environmental Protection Agency]] presented evidence of fluoride’s harm in a federal court for the first time since water fluoridation began. If the plaintiffs win the lawsuit it could spell the end of water fluoridation after more than 70 years.((https://web.archive.org/web/20211020170622/https://theconsciousresistance.com/the-pyramid-of-power-chapter-7-big-pharma-and-the-medical-cartel/))
 +
 +==== Revolving Door PhARMA Lobbyists ====
 +
 +Pfizer Lobbying Hits Decade High as DOZENS of High-Profile Political Appointees Become Big Pharma Reps.
 +
 +Republicans and Democrats alike are now working for the Big Pharma lobby.
 +The National Pulse by Natalie Winters and Raheem Kassam - October 6, 2021
 +
 +[[:Pfizer]], which recently received approval for a third booster dose of its [[:COVID-19 vaccine]], has substantially increased its lobbying budget. In 2019, the company spent $11,000,000 on lobbying efforts before increasing the total to $13,150,000 – the highest total since 2010.
 +
 +In 2019, the company retained 77 lobbyists before the total grew to a team of 102 lobbyists in 2020. So far in 2021, Pfizer has declared 92 lobbyists.
 +
 +The National Pulse has assembled a list of those declared by Pfizer and Moderna alone, below. The list includes their previous jobs or affiliations. Of the 83 listed below, many come from high level backgrounds such as the White House, presidential candidates, the Speaker of the House’s office, and a number of congressional offices.
 +
 +The swamp, revealed;
 +  * Pfizer.
 +  * 
 +  *     Justin McCarthy, Special Assistant to the President for Legislative Affairs under President George W. Bush
 +  *     Brian Arthur Pomper, Chief International Trade Counsel to Senate Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus
 +  *     Bill Morley, General Counsel to Senator Arlen Specter
 +  *     Remy Brim, Senior Health Policy Advisor to Senator Elizabeth Warren
 +  *     Mark Mioduski, Democratic Clerk for the Committee on Appropriations in the U.S. House of Representatives
 +  *     Brian Griffin, Senior Leadership Advisor and Floor Policy Director for Democratic Policy Committee Chairman Senator Byron Dorgan
 +  *     Ben Howard, Deputy Assistant to the President and Deputy Director of Legislative Affairs under President Donald Trump
 +  *     Kate Keating, Chief of Staff to Chairman of the House Democratic Caucus Congressman Joseph Crowley
 +  *     David Schiappa, Secretary to Senate Republican Leaders
 +  *     Lavita Legrys, Director at the Office of Legislative Affairs in the Department of Homeland Security under President Barack Obama
 +  *     Mike Mckay, Senior Policy Advisor to Congressman Gregory Meeks
 +  *     Cristina Antelo, Legal Fellow with the Senate Democratic Steering Committee
 +  *     Tom Davis, former Congressman
 +  *     Michael Werner, Policy Advisor to Senate Democrats Policy Committee
 +  *     Daniel Elling, Staff Director for the House Committee on Ways and Means
 +  *     Cookab Hashemi, Chief of Staff to Representative Raul Ruiz and Representative Jackie Speier
 +  *     Robert Holifield, Staff Director of the Senate Agriculture Committee
 +  *     Hannah Smith, Legislative Correspondent to Senator Blanche Lincoln
 +  *     Blanche Lincoln, Former Senator and Congresswoman
 +  *     Colin Roskey, Deputy Assistant Secretary at the Department of Health and Human Services under President Trump
 +  *     Thomas Scully, Administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services under President Bush.
 +  *     Brian Diffell, Legislative Director to Senator Roy Blunt
 +  *     Kelli Briggs, Chief of Staff to Representative Pat Tiberi
 +  *     Anne Wilson, Legislative Director to Representative Anna G. Eshoo
 +  *     Peter Wallace, Legislative Correspondent to Representative Ric Keller
 +  *     Katharine Hayes, Legislative Correspondent to Representative Mark Schauer
 +  *     Akshai Datta, Senior Legislative Assistant to Representative Ami Bera
 +  *     Darrel Thompson, Deputy Chief of Staff for Intergovernmental and External Affairs to Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid
 +  *     Shanti Ochs Stanton, Floor Assistant to the Democratic Leaders Office
 +  *     Natalie Farr, Chief of Staff to Senator Cory Gardner
 +  *     Steven Elmendorf, Chief of Staff to House Democratic Leader Richard Gephardt
 +  *     Steven Irizarry, Senior Counsel for Senate Special Committee on Aging
 +  *     Stephen Northrup, Health Policy Advisor to Senator Michael Enzi
 +  *     Jennifer Swenson, Deputy Legislative Director to Senator Pat Roberts
 +  *     Catherine Robinson, Law Clerk on the Committee on Ways and Means
 +  *     Emily Mueller, Deputy Legislative Director to Senator Pat Roberts
 +  *     Stephen Claeys, Trade Counsel on the Committee on Ways and Means
 +  *     Paula Burg, Director and Senior Advisor for Health and Entitlements on the Senate Budget Committee
 +  *     Elissa Alben, Senior Counsel for International Trade and Competitiveness on the Senate Committee on Finance
 +  *     Karissa Willhite, Deputy Chief of Staff to Senator Robert Menendez
 +  *     Gordon Taylor, Chief of Staff to Representative Chris John
 +  *     Tucker Shumack, Tax and Finance Counsel to Senator Olympia Snowe
 +  *     Todd Novascone, Chief of Staff to Senator Jerry Moran
 +  *     Jerome Murray, Chief of Staff to Representative Stacey Plaskett
 +  *     Moses Mercado, Deputy Chief of Staff to Representative Richard Gephardt
 +  *     Tim McGivern, Chief of Staff to Senator Jim Brownback
 +  *     Chris Giblin, Chief of Staff to Representative John Carter
 +  *     Tony Bullock, Chief of Staff to Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan
 +  *     Dee Buchanan, Chief of Staff to House Republican Conference
 +  *     Dean Aguillen, Advisor to Speaker Nancy Pelosi
 +  *     Eden Shiferaw, Representative Marcia Fudge
 +  *     Jane Loewenson, Senior Health Policy Advisor to Democratic Leader Tom Daschle
 +  *     Andrea LaRue, Counsel to Democratic Leader Tom Daschle
 +  *     Brady King, Chief of Staff to Congresswoman Kendra S. Horn
 +  *     Joshua Fay Hurvitz, Legislative Director to Representative Anthony D. Weiner
 +  *     Lisa German Foster, Senior Policy Advisor to Senator Jack Reed
 +  *     Irene Bueno, Special Assistant to President Bill Clinton in the Domestic Policy Council and Chief of Staff’s Office
 +  *     Ashley Gunn,  Senior Director of Cabinet Affairs to President Trump
 +  *     Monica Popp, Chief of Staff to Senate Republican Whip John Cornyn
 +  *     Hazen Marshall, Policy Director to Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell
 +  *     Christopher Wilcox, Staff Assistant to Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan
 +  *     Marti Thomas, Assistant Secretary for Legislative Affairs under President Clinton
 +  *     Karina Lynch, Legislative Director to Representative Scott McInnis
 +  *     Cheryl Jager, Senior Health Policy Advisor for House Republican Leadership
 +  *     Matthew Hoekstra, Legislative Director for Senator Ben Lujan
 +  *     Susan Hirschmann, Chief of Staff to Representative Van Hilleary
 +  *     Christopher Hatcher, Legislative Director to Representative Scott McInnis
 +  *     Ann Marie Buerkle, Congresswoman
 +  *     Shimon Stein, Senior Advisor to House Majority Leader/Republican Whip
 +  *     Kristi Remington, Deputy Assistant Attorney General at the Department of Justice under President Obama
 +  *     Malloy McDaniel, Policy Advisor to Senator Mitch McConnell
 +  *     Craig Kalkut, Chief Counsel of Senate Antitrust Subcommittee
 +  *     Ashley Davis, Special Assistant to Director of Homeland Security Tom Ridge under President Bush
 +  *     Greg Nickerson, Tax Counsel to Representative Bill Thomas
 +
 +
 +  * Moderna.
 +  * 
 +  *     Darren Willcox, Assistant to Speaker Dennis Hastert for Health Policy
 +  *     Erin Strawn, Legislative Associate to Representative Joe Cunningham
 +  *     Valerie Henry, Senior Policy Advisor to Congressman Greg Walden
 +  *     James Derderian, Chief of Staff to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce
 +  *     Carmencita Whonder, Advisor on the Senate Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee to Senator Chuck Schumer
 +  *     Marc Lampkin, General Counsel for the House Republican Conference
 +  *     Araceli Gutierrez, Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute Graduate Fellow
 +  *     Emily Felder, Counsel to the House Energy and Commerce Committee
 +  *     Nadeam Elshami, Chief of Staff to Representative Nancy Pelosi ((https://web.archive.org/web/20220101023710/https://thenationalpulse.com/2021/10/06/pfizer-and-moderna-increase-lobbying-efforts/))
 +
 +
 +==== Banking on Study Fraud ====
 +
 +Daily Mail UK - By John Ely Senior Health Reporter For Mailonline - 19 July 2022
 +
 +Researchers from University College London said a review of evidence has found no link between low serotonin levels and depression casting doubt on [[:antidepressants]] designed to boost levels of the 'feel good' chemical. But other experts have cast doubt of the findings.
 +
 +One academic involved in the study described the findings as 'eye-opening', and that 'everything I thought I knew has been flipped upside down'.
 +
 +Lead author Professor Joanna Moncrieff, a psychiatrist, said: 'The popularity of the "chemical imbalance" theory has coincided with a huge increase in the use of antidepressants.
 +
 +'Thousands suffer from side effects of antidepressants, including severe withdrawal effects that can occur when people try to stop them, yet prescription rates continue to rise.((https://web.archive.org/web/20220720010852/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-11027847/Depression-NOT-caused-low-serotonin-levels-study.html))
 +{{ ::chart_uk_antidepressants_among_teens_2016_to_2020.png?600 |}}
 +
 +==== Buying Media Influence ====
 +{{ ::pharma_ad_spend.png?600|}}
 +Big Pharma Accounts for 75% of the Total Ad Spend on TV. Which is Why The Dependent Media is Unwilling and Incapable of Reporting the Truth About Deadly COVID Injections
 +
 +From [HERE] and [HERE] Pharmaceutical industry TV ad spend in the U.S 2016-2020. In 2020, the pharmaceutical industry spent 4.58 billion U.S. dollars on advertising on national TV in the United States, unsurprisingly representing a big shift in spending compared to the 2019 pre-covid market. In 2020 TV ad spending of the pharma industry accounted for 75 percent of the total ad spend. ((https://web.archive.org/web/20220406015036/https://www.brown-watch.com/brownwatch-news/2022/4/3/75-of-tv-advertising-is-from-big-pharma))
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