| This included a variation on the LNP design that Cullis developed in 2000 with several colleagues including Dr. [[:Ian MacLachlan]], which became the basis for a spinoff company the team named Protiva Biotherapeutics, focused entirely on gene therapy.((Cullis, P. R., Fenske, D. B., & MacLachlan, I. (2000, October 25). //Lipid formulations for target delivery (Canadian Intellectual Property Office Patent No. CA 2426244).// Canadian Patent Database. https://archive.ph/ZGmF9)) ((Vardi, N. (2021, August 17). //COVID’s forgotten hero: the untold story of the scientist whose breakthrough made the vaccines possible.// Forbes. https://archive.ph/oNBZi)) | This included a variation on the LNP design that Cullis developed in 2000 with several colleagues including Dr. [[:Ian MacLachlan]], which became the basis for a spinoff company the team named Protiva Biotherapeutics, focused entirely on gene therapy.((Cullis, P. R., Fenske, D. B., & MacLachlan, I. (2000, October 25). //Lipid formulations for target delivery (Canadian Intellectual Property Office Patent No. CA 2426244).// Canadian Patent Database. https://archive.ph/ZGmF9)) ((Vardi, N. (2021, August 17). //COVID’s forgotten hero: the untold story of the scientist whose breakthrough made the vaccines possible.// Forbes. https://archive.ph/oNBZi)) |
| Protiva partnered with [[Roche]] subsidiary [[Alnylam Pharmaceuticals]] in [[united_states_of_america:massachussetts:Cambridge]], [[united_states_of_america:Massachusetts]] to collaboratively develop products using RNAi to inhibit, or “turn off”, target genes (compared to [[:mRNA]], which turns on production of [[:proteins]]), which bore fruit in a 2006 study demonstrating success silencing genes in monkeys.((Zimmermann, T. S., Lee, A. C. H., Akinc, A., Bramlage, B., Bumcrot, D., Fedoruk, M. N., Harborth, J., Heyes, J. A., Jeffs, L. B., John, M., Judge, A. D., Lam, K., McClintock, K., Nechev, L. V., Palmer, L. R., Racie, T., Röhl, I., Seiffert, S., Shanmugam, S., & Sood, V. (2006). //RNAi-mediated gene silencing in non-human primates.// Nature, 441(7089), 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04688)) | Protiva partnered with [[Roche]] subsidiary [[Alnylam Pharmaceuticals]] in [[united_states_of_america:massachussetts:Cambridge]], [[united_states_of_america:Massachusetts]] to collaboratively develop products using RNAi to inhibit, or “turn off”, target genes (compared to [[:mRNA]], which turns on production of [[:proteins]]), which bore fruit in a 2006 study demonstrating success silencing genes in monkeys.((Zimmermann, T. S., Lee, A. C. H., Akinc, A., Bramlage, B., Bumcrot, D., Fedoruk, M. N., Harborth, J., Heyes, J. A., Jeffs, L. B., John, M., Judge, A. D., Lam, K., McClintock, K., Nechev, L. V., Palmer, L. R., Racie, T., Röhl, I., Seiffert, S., Shanmugam, S., & Sood, V. (2006). //RNAi-mediated gene silencing in non-human primates.// Nature, 441(7089), 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04688)) |
| The [[:Business Development Bank of Canada]] (BDC) participated in multiple rounds of investing into Protiva, including $4,950,000 in 2006 and $3,300,000 in 2007.((laura998. (2018). //Protiva Biotherapeutics.// RaisedToday. https://archive.ph/AlJnY)) The BDC is wholly owned by the [[:Government of Canada]], meaning the federal government has a potential financial conflict of interest in the [[:COVID-19 vaccines]] that laster used lipid nanoparticle licenses associated with Protiva. | The [[:Business Development Bank of Canada]] (BDC) participated in multiple rounds of investing into Protiva, including $4,950,000 in 2006 and $3,300,000 in 2007.((laura998. (2018). //Protiva Biotherapeutics.// RaisedToday. https://archive.ph/AlJnY)) The BDC is wholly owned by the [[:Government of Canada]], meaning the federal government has a potential financial conflict of interest in the [[:COVID-19 vaccines|COVID-19 vaccines]] that later used lipid nanoparticle licenses associated with Protiva. |
