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-===== Nuremberg Trials =====
-== International Court of Justice Archive ==
-Custodian of the archives of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg
-((https://www.icj-cij.org/public/files/library-of-the-court/library-of-the-court-en.pdf))
-== Nuremberg Timeline ==
-May 2, 1945, President [[Harry S. Truman]] appointed Associate Supreme Court [[Justice Robert H. Jackson]] as chief prosecutor for the United States in the proposed trials of Nazi war criminals. President Truman gave Justice Jackson free rein to choose his own staff and to design and implement the trials.
-During the summer of 1945, Jackson worked at achieving a consensus among the Allies and was finally successful when an agreement between the [[American]], [[British]], [[French]], and [[Soviet]] governments was signed on August 8th. This agreement, called the [[London Charter]], became the basis for the trial before the International Military Tribunal. Beginning on November 20, 1945, the first Nuremberg trial lasted for almost ten months.
-Phenomenal thumbnail summaries by date with pictures and videos of old film.((https://web.archive.org/web/20150709150549/https://www.roberthjackson.org/nuremberg-timeline/))
-=== Medical Ethics & Informed Consent ===
-"Whatever book or treatise on medical ethics we may examine, and whatever expert on forensic medicine we may question, will say that it is a fundamental and inescapable obligation of every physician under any known system of law not to perform a dangerous experiment without the subject's consent."
-[[Telford Taylor]] Chief of Counsel for [[war crimes]] for all NMT trials ~ 9 December 1946"
-==== Original Documents & Law ====
-The [[Harvard Law School]] Library's Nuremberg Trials Project is an open-access initiative to create and present digitized images or full-text versions of the Library's Nuremberg documents, descriptions of each document, and general information about the trials.
-The Project currently provides access to most of the following materials for five of the United States Nuremberg Military Tribunals, NMT 1 (U.S.A. v. Karl Brandt et al.), NMT 2 (U.S.A. v. Erhard Milch), NMT3 (U.S.A. v. Josef Altstoetter et al.), NMT 4 (U.S.A. v. Pohl et al.), and NMT7 (U.S.A. v. Wilhelm List et al.)
-((https://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/ | Harvard))((https://web.archive.org/web/20220123233219/https://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/ | archive))
-=== Evidence Files ===
-Trial transcripts & letters eg
-Drafts of a letter to the [[Reich Commissioner]] for the East concerning a "Solution to the Jewish Problem"
-Letters to [[Klaus Schilling]] concerning mosquito eggs and other material provided for the [[malaria experiments]]
-Letters between [[Wolfram Sievers]] and [[August Hirt]] concerning research research at the [[Ahnenerbe]]((https://web.archive.org/web/20201013235027/https://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=evidence%3Ano* | Transcripts Letters))
-=== Experiments ===
-== GAS Experiments ==
-Scientific articles for [[chemical warfare]], [[biological warfare]], poison gas on prisoners, [[Mustard Gas]] etc ((http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Apoison+gas+experiments)) ((https://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Apoison+gas+experiments))
-== High Altitude Experiments ==
-Includes Photographs of Sigmund Rascher's High Altitude Experiments at [[Dachau]]
-HLS Item no 27 | Evidence Code NO-610 | Exhibit Code Prosecution 41
-((http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Ahigh+altitude+experiments))((https://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Ahigh+altitude+experiments))
-==Jaundice Experiments ==
-Experiments to determine the cause of Infectious [[Jaundice]] [[Hepatitis Epidemics]]
-"and the Robert [[Koch Institute]]. Experiments had thus far disclosed that contagious jaundice is transferred by a virus and human beings were desired for [ ... ] on the 30th day of August 1946 concerning low pressure experiments performed on involuntary human beings in the Dachau. ((https://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/transcripts/1-transcript-for-nmt-1-medical-case/search?q=issue:epidemic+jaundice+experiments))((https://web.archive.org/web/20211201202426/http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Aepidemic+jaundice+experiments)) ((https://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Aepidemic+jaundice+experiments))
-== Malaria Experiments ==
-Trial documents include scientific publications
-((http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Amalaria+experiments)) ((https://web.archive.org/web/20211201201129/http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=issue%3Amalaria+experiments))
-=== People ===
-This section outlines the organizations and leading individuals in four overlapping spheres of Nazi Germany: the Reich ministries (the government); the Nazi party; the SS; and the Wehrmacht (the armed forces). [[Adolf Hitler]] was the head of all four of these sectors, and they became increasingly interconnected over time.
-Reich ministries were often matched by parallel party organizations, with the same person in charge of both. The SS began as a party organization but took over governmental functions (police and security) and created a military branch, the Waffen SS.
-The Wehrmacht was relatively self-contained as a Reich organization, but it held jurisdiction over the Waffen SS in military operations. These different institutions frequently competed for jurisdictional power and resources; for example, in addition to the Reich economic ministries, the SS took over economic enterprises in order to control resources and generate income. Much of the information in this section is drawn from the encyclopedias compiled by L. L. Snyder and C. Zentner, and from Anatomy of the SS State, editied by E. Wiskemann.
-Full list of defendants and positions held.((https://web.archive.org/web/20211027235819/http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/people))
-For more information on the medical officials, see the introduction to NMT Case 1, USA v. Karl Brandt et al. (the Medical Case). Access documents and transcripts related to specific people—defendants, authors, prosecutors, and more—involved in the trials. Start with these three high-ranking officers.
-[[Karl Brandt]] - Reich Commissioner for Health and Sanitation ((https://web.archive.org/web/20211201202429/http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=karl+brandt&m=documents&m=transcripts&m=photographs))
-[[Hermann Goering]] - General of the Air Force, chief of the war economy, Minister for Aviation (https://web.archive.org/web/20211201201131/http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=hermann+goering&m=documents&m=transcripts&m=photographs))
-[[Heinrich Himmler]] Reichsfuehrer-SS and Chief of the Police ((https://web.archive.org/web/20211201201134/http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=heinrich+himmler&m=documents&m=transcripts&m=photographs))
-=== Laws and Decrees of German Criminal Law ===
-((https://web.archive.org/web/20211201201132/http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/search/?q=evidence%3Ang*))