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--- divisive_rhetoric_about_the_unvaccinated [2022/01/18 14:00]
wes [Yasmeen Serhan (The Atlantic)]
+++ divisive_rhetoric_about_the_unvaccinated [2023/12/05 04:33] (current)
gabriel [Margaret Anna Alice]
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
+==== Cartoons ====
+**[[https:///twitter.com/Ramireztoons|@Ramireztoons]]**((https://michaelpramirez.com/the-best-of-2021-by-michael-p-ramirez.html))
+  * [[https://michaelpramirez.com/uploads/3/4/9/8/34985326/mrz032921-color-1mb_orig.jpg|March 29]]
+  * [[https://michaelpramirez.com/uploads/3/4/9/8/34985326/mrz080921-color-copy-jpeg-400kbb_orig.jpeg| August 9]]
@@ Line 151: / Line 156: @@
 >"There is increasing evidence that vaccinated individuals continue to have a relevant role in transmission....People who are vaccinated have a lower risk of severe disease but are still a relevant part of the pandemic. It is therefore wrong and dangerous to speak of a pandemic of the unvaccinated. Historically, both the USA and Germany have engendered negative experiences by stigmatising parts of the population for their skin colour or religion. I call on high-level officials and scientists to stop the inappropriate stigmatisation of unvaccinated people, who include our patients, colleagues, and other fellow citizens, and to put extra effort into bringing society together."((Günter Kampf, "COVID-19: stigmatising the unvaccinated is not justified," //The Lancet//, November 20, 2021. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)02243-1/fulltext))
+==== Margaret Anna Alice ====
+In one of [[operation_uplift:must_read_substacks|Margaret Anna Alice]]'s [[https://margaretannaalice.substack.com/p/wake-up-toolkit#%C2%A7dissident-dialogues|dissident dialogues]] series', letters are exchanged exploring how the rhetoric against the unvaccinated meets the 4th stage of genocide: dehumanization. See the [[https://margaretannaalice.substack.com/p/dissident-dialogues-margaret-anna-02|second post]] for many examples. Additional examples are also posted at [[https://margaretannaalice.substack.com/p/eulogy-for-the-covid-kapos|Eulogy for the COVID Kapos]]
 =====List of Public Figures Using Divisive Rhetoric or Advocating Punitive Measures Against the Unvaccinated=====
@@ Line 188: / Line 197: @@
 On December 8, 2021, the [[New York Times]] published an opinion piece written by [[Charles Blow]] titled "I’m Furious at the Unvaccinated".((Blow, C. M. (2021, December 9). //Opinion | I’m Furious at the Unvaccinated.// The New York Times. https://archive.ph/bLAvu))
+==== Adalsteinn Brown (Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table) ====
+Adalsteinn Brown, Co-chair of the [[Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table]], said that Ontarians should only be "associating with people who are vaccinated".((The Canadian Press. (2021, December 16). //Experts say circuit breaker necessary to blunt Omicron’s effect in Ontario.// MSN News. https://archive.ph/fEPuK))
 ==== Canadian Medical Association Journal ====
@@ Line 207: / Line 220: @@
 {{ :screen_shot_2022-01-11_at_4.47.34_pm.png?600 |}}
-====Anderson Cooper (CNN)====
-While interviewing Bill Gates in August of 2021, media personality Anderson Cooper suggested that Social Security benefits might be withheld from the unvaccinated.((https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pilrhb7T7qE))
 ====Noam Chomsky====
@@ Line 217: / Line 228: @@
 >"People who refuse to accept vaccines, I think the right response for them is not to force them to but rather to insist that they be isolated." (("Noam Chomsky calls for unvaccinated to be ‘isolated’ from society in resurfaced clip," //The Independent//.
 https://www.independent.co.uk/tv/news/noam-chomsky-unvaccinated-isolation-video-v236b20a8)) The interview took place in April, but resurfaced in September 2021 as divisive rhetoric about the unvaccinated intensified, especially in the days after Joe Biden's September 8 address to the nation.((Original interview, April 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VX0hn6F-jsI&t=476s))
+====Anderson Cooper (CNN)====
+While interviewing Bill Gates in August of 2021, media personality Anderson Cooper suggested that Social Security benefits might be withheld from the unvaccinated.((https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pilrhb7T7qE))
+====Ryan Cooper (The Week)====
+Journalist Ryan Cooper wrote in a January 20, 2022 column in //The Week// about "the quiet rage of the unvaccinated," who, in his view, "are still being harmed by the willful irresponsibility of the unvaccinated minority."((Ryan Cooper, "Biden is losing the vaccinated majority: The president is neither coercing vaccine refusers to do the right thing nor channeling the anger of the vaccinated," //The Week//, January 20, 2022. https://theweek.com/feature/opinion/1009166/joe-biden-is-losing-the-vaccinated-majority; https://web.archive.org/web/20220120133623/https://theweek.com/feature/opinion/1009166/joe-biden-is-losing-the-vaccinated-majority)) Cooper's column is framed around the notion that President Biden has not done enough to coerce people into taking a vaccine they do not want: "Biden is neither coercing vaccine refusers into doing the right thing nor channeling the anger of the vaccinated. Stewing resentment is the result." The piece favorably cites Yasmeen Serhan's piece which appeared in the //Atlantic// the same week and which makes similar arguments. Indeed, Cooper argues, like Serhan, that Biden should follow Emmanuel Macron's example by "channeling the frustration of the vaccinated majority by imposing more and more punishing burdens on the unvaccinated."((Ryan Cooper, "Biden is losing the vaccinated majority: The president is neither coercing vaccine refusers to do the right thing nor channeling the anger of the vaccinated," //The Week//, January 20, 2022. https://theweek.com/feature/opinion/1009166/joe-biden-is-losing-the-vaccinated-majority; https://web.archive.org/web/20220120133623/https://theweek.com/feature/opinion/1009166/joe-biden-is-losing-the-vaccinated-majority))((Yasmeen Serhan, "The Silent, Vaccinated, Impatient Majority," //The Atlantic//, January 17, 2022. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2022/01/politicians-against-unvaccinated-djokovic/621242/; https://web.archive.org/web/20220117141727/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2022/01/politicians-against-unvaccinated-djokovic/621242/))
+Cooper goes on to express his "vindictive glee" upon hearing about an Italian cellist who chose not to take multiple doses of one of the COVID-19 vaccines:
+>I felt nothing but vindictive glee. Here's a stubborn, self-deluded jerk who refuses to get a vaccine that would cost him nothing, would let him go back to a mostly-normal life, would protect both him and others from a deadly virus, and is safer than aspirin — and so he's been ostracized from society? Good.((Ryan Cooper, "Biden is losing the vaccinated majority: The president is neither coercing vaccine refusers to do the right thing nor channeling the anger of the vaccinated," //The Week//, January 20, 2022. https://theweek.com/feature/opinion/1009166/joe-biden-is-losing-the-vaccinated-majority; https://web.archive.org/web/20220120133623/https://theweek.com/feature/opinion/1009166/joe-biden-is-losing-the-vaccinated-majority))
+Cooper's column contains many links to online sources, but none to scientific journal articles or relevant data sets.
 ====Jim Cramer====
@@ Line 263: / Line 289: @@
 ====Michael Hiltzik (L.A. Times)====
+{{:wiki:michael_hiltzik_mocking_anti-vaxxers_column_1-10-22.png?600|}}
 //Los Angeles Times// columnist Michael Hiltzik titled his January 10, 2022 column "Mocking anti-vaxxers' COVID deaths is ghoulish, yes - but necessary."((Michael Hiltzik, "Mocking anti-vaxxers' COVID deaths is ghoulish, yes - but necessary," //Los Angeles Times//, January 10, 2022. https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2022-01-10/why-shouldnt-we-dance-on-the-graves-of-anti-vaxxers; https://web.archive.org/web/20220110234923/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2022-01-10/why-shouldnt-we-dance-on-the-graves-of-anti-vaxxers.)) Notably, the URL for the article suggests the original title of the article may have been "Shouldn't We Dance on the Graves of Anti-Vaxxers?" In the column Hiltzik argues that the unvaccinated, whom he equates with "anti-vaxxers," deserve to die of COVID-19:
@@ Line 284: / Line 312: @@
 Hiltzik's 2020 column also highlights a Stat poll showing that over 70% of Americans believed that "the vaccine approval process was driven more by politics than science."((Michael Hiltzik, "Trump’s plotting for a pre-election vaccine carries real dangers for your health," //Los Angeles Times//, September 4, 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200910015152/https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-09-04/trump-vaccine-debacle)) The following day Hiltzik tweeted his column, saying that "Trump's plotting for a pre-election vaccine will kill people."((Michael Hiltzik, tweet, September 5, 2020. https://twitter.com/hiltzikm/status/1302305823436144641))((Screen capture of Holtzik's September 5, 2020 tweet saying that "Trump's plotting for a pre-election vaccine will kill people." https://mobile.twitter.com/Andrew_Nehring/status/1480662712292196355/photo/1))
+{{:michael_hiltzik_trump_vaccine_tweet_9-5-2020.png?600|}}
+In the wake of the public discussion stemming from Emily Oster's 10/31/22 "Pandemic Amnesty" column in the //Atlantic//((Emily Oster, "Let's Declare a Pandemic Amnesty," //Atlantic//, October 31, 2022. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/10/covid-response-forgiveness/671879/)), users on Twitter recalled Hiltzik's "Mocking anti-vaxxers' COVID deaths" column, citing it as an example of the excessive rhetoric surrounding Covid vaccines. However, Hiltzik defended his January 10, 2022 column, telling Twitter users to "read the column before criticizing it" lest they "come off as illiterate."((Michael Hiltzik, tweet, November 13, 2022. https://twitter.com/hiltzikm/status/1591850863152496641))
+{{:michael_hiltzik_tweet_11-13-22.png?600|}}
 ====Boris Johnson===
 '‘Mumbo jumbo’ of anti-vax campaigners ‘completely wrong’' from early January, 2021.((https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/boris-johnson-nhs-england-government-prime-minister-dagenham-b975323.html))
 ====Karl Lauterbach (German Minister of Health)====
-German Minister of Health Karl Lauterbach stated that "Compulsory vaccination needs to pass legislation quickly as we can't wait for it to become obsolete."((https://www.fr.de/politik/corona-impfpflicht-karl-lauterbach-impfregister-pandemie-coronavirus-news-zr-91217322.html))
+{{:wiki:german-health-minister-lauterbach.jpg?200 |}}German Minister of Health Karl Lauterbach stated that "Compulsory vaccination needs to pass legislation quickly as we can't wait for it to become obsolete."((https://www.fr.de/politik/corona-impfpflicht-karl-lauterbach-impfregister-pandemie-coronavirus-news-zr-91217322.html)) Lauterbach has also said "in Germany, it's not enough just to get on the nerves of the unvaccinated, you have to do more."(([citation needed - AFP interview]))
+==== Francois Legault (Québec Premier) ====
+On January 11, 2022, Québec Premier [[Francois Legault]] announced his government would be imposing a "significant" financial penalty on unvaccinated citizens to compel them to "contribute to an overburdened public health care system".((Newton, P. (2022, January 13). //Quebec to impose a “significant” fine on unvaccinated residents.// CNN. https://archive.ph/fi1dD))
 ==== Don Lemon (CNN) ====
@@ Line 347: / Line 385: @@
 >"They are collapsing our health system. They're the ones in the ERs. They're taking it up. If you have a stroke or you have a heart attack, you can't get in the ER because they're taking up all the beds. So shouldn't they have to pay more?"((Joy Reid, MSNBC, January 12, 2022. https://mobile.twitter.com/CurtisHouck/status/1481275243805265920; http://web.archive.org/web/20220112154137/https://mobile.twitter.com/CurtisHouck/status/1481275243805265920))
+==== Robert Scola (U.S. District Judge) ====
+U.S. District Judge Robert Scola in Florida in a scathing order delayed an upcoming trial due to the surge in COVID-19 cases as he blasted adults who have yet to get vaccinated as "uninformed and irrational, or – less charitably – selfish and unpatriotic."((Raymond, N. (2022, January 19). //U.S. judge calls unvaccinated adults “unpatriotic” as Omicron prompts trial delay.// Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/us-judge-calls-unvaccinated-adults-unpatriotic-omicron-prompts-trial-delay-2022-01-19/)) ((Mora, M. A. (2022, January 20). //“Unpatriotic” and “Selfish”: Judge’s Comment About Unvaccinated Adults Draws Mixed Reactions.// Daily Business Review. https://www.law.com/dailybusinessreview/2022/01/20/unpatriotic-and-selfish-judges-comment-about-unvaccinated-adults-draws-mixed-reactions/?slreturn=20220021010736))
 ====Paul Routledge, Opinion Columnist (Mirror)====
@@ Line 383: / Line 423: @@
 >But many in the vaccinated majority, whose patience with the pandemic and compassion for their unvaccinated counterparts is growing thin, may feel a kind of relief: After almost two years of COVID-19, their leaders are telling them exactly whom to blame.((Yasmeen Serhan, "The Silent, Vaccinated, Impatient Majority," //The Atlantic//, January 17, 2022. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2022/01/politicians-against-unvaccinated-djokovic/621242/; https://web.archive.org/web/20220117141727/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2022/01/politicians-against-unvaccinated-djokovic/621242/))
-Serhan's analysis, like other writing demonizing the unvaccinated, is based on the unsupported belief that the unvaccinated are driving the course of the pandemic and that the vaccinated are not contributing significantly to rates of infection, transmission and hospitalization:
+Notably, Serhan's analysis, like other writing demonizing the unvaccinated, is based on the unsupported belief that only the unvaccinated are driving the course of the pandemic and that the vaccinated are not contributing significantly to rates of infection, transmission and hospitalization:
 >As the Omicron variant spreads, and as intensive-care units come under the strain of primarily unvaccinated patients, many people may wonder why those who got vaccinated should face the same restrictions as those who opted against. This same logic informed the Austrian government’s decision last year to impose restrictions solely on the country’s 2 million or so unvaccinated individuals, a policy that several other European countries later mimicked.((Yasmeen Serhan, "The Silent, Vaccinated, Impatient Majority," //The Atlantic//, January 17, 2022. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2022/01/politicians-against-unvaccinated-djokovic/621242/; https://web.archive.org/web/20220117141727/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2022/01/politicians-against-unvaccinated-djokovic/621242/))
@@ Line 458: / Line 498: @@
 This cartoon has been attributed to a Toronto Star cartoonist in a [[https://twitter.com/KoenSwinkels/status/1480778390504448000?s=20|Tweet]].
+====Washington Post====
-====WEB MD====
+Aaron Blake wants to continue the "pandemic of the unvaccinated" label:
-July 16, 2021 -- COVID-19 cases are continuing to spike in communities where vaccination rates are low, leading to what [[CDC]] Director [[Rochelle P. Walensky]], MD, called “a pandemic of the unvaccinated.”
+"And as we’ve seen recently, calling it a “pandemic of the unvaccinated” is rather mild compared to how some other countries’ leaders are talking about the culpability of those who refuse the jabs."
+Jan 11, 2022 https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/01/11/overwrought-pushback-pandemic-unvaccinated/
+Feb 3, 2022 https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/02/03/yes-its-still-pandemic-unvaccinated-arguably-even-more-so-now/
+In this piece he cites only CDC studies, which are not peer-reviewed and are intended to support CDC policies [[natural immunity|natural immunity]] [[center_for_disease_control_and_prevention|Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)]]
+==== WEB MD ====
+**July 16, 2021** -- COVID-19 cases are continuing to spike in communities where vaccination rates are low, leading to what [[center_for_disease_control_and_prevention|CDC]] Director [[Rochelle P. Walensky]], MD, called “a pandemic of the unvaccinated.”
 Walensky reported sobering numbers during a news conference Friday: The most recent 7-day average of new COVID-19 cases was more than 26,300, up 70% from the previous week. The average of daily deaths is now 211 – an increase of 26%.
@@ Line 469: / Line 523: @@
 She continued, “The good news is, if you're fully vaccinated, you're protected … our biggest concern is we are going to continue see preventable cases, hospitalizations, and sadly, deaths among the unvaccinated.”((https://web.archive.org/web/20210716221413/https://www.webmd.com/lung/news/20210716/delta-variant-rising-covid-case-counts-every-state))
-=== New York Times ===
+==== New York Times ====
-As Omicron Spreads and Cases Soar, the Unvaccinated Remain Defiant
+**December 25, 2021:** As Omicron Spreads and Cases Soar, the Unvaccinated Remain Defiant((https://web.archive.org/web/20220101121549/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/25/us/omicron-unvaccinated.html))
+By Jack Healy, Noah Weiland and Richard Fausset -
-By Jack Healy, Noah Weiland and Richard Fausset - Dec. 25, 2021
 In the year since the first shots began going into arms, opposition to vaccines has hardened from skepticism and wariness into something approaching an article of faith for the approximately 39 million American adults who have yet to get a single dose.
@@ Line 479: / Line 532: @@
 Now, health experts say the roughly 15 percent of the adult population that remains stubbornly unvaccinated is at the greatest risk of severe illness and death from the Omicron variant, and could overwhelm hospitals that are already brimming with Covid patients.
-((https://web.archive.org/web/20220101121549/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/25/us/omicron-unvaccinated.html))
-=== CNBC ===
-WHO says [[omicron]] is life threatening for unvaccinated, elderly and people with underlying conditions
+==== CNBC ====
-Jan 11 2022 by  Spencer Kimball
+January 11, 2022: 'WHO says [[sars-cov-2:omicron|omicron]] is life threatening for unvaccinated, elderly and people with underlying conditions' by  Spencer Kimball.((https://web.archive.org/web/20220111210302/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/11/who-says-omicron-is-life-threatening-for-unvaccinated-elderly-underlying-conditions.html))
 Dr. Mike Ryan, director of the WHO’s health emergencies program, said omicron represents a “massive threat” to the lives of the unvaccinated.
-((https://web.archive.org/web/20220111210302/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/11/who-says-omicron-is-life-threatening-for-unvaccinated-elderly-underlying-conditions.html))
+==== The Mirror ====
+January 25, 2022: 'As Covid restrictions ease, it's time to get tough on anti-vaxxers'((https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/as-covid-restrictions-ease-its-26046616))
+"Enough is enough, says Polly Hudson. As Boris Johnson scraps restrictions to save his own skin, we need to convince everyone to get a Covid jab. And that means hitting them where it hurts."
+Hudson is a columnist on one of the UK's 'red-top' newspapers, but in early 2022, that's no excuse for writing, //"The vaccine hesitant – those who are afraid, because they’ve genuinely fallen for untrue propaganda – need to be persuaded. The militant, rabid anti-vaxxers will never be persuaded, so they need to be forced."//
+==== British Medical Journal - BMJ ====
+The unintended consequences of COVID-19 vaccine policy: why mandates, passports and restrictions may cause more harm than good - accepted MAY 2022
+authors - Kevin Bardosh, 1,2 Alex de Figueiredo,3 Rachel Gur-Arie,4,5 Euzebiusz Jamrozik ,5,6 James Doidge,7,8 Trudo Lemmens,9 Salmaan Keshavjee,10 Janice E Graham,11 Stefan Bara
+Leveraging stigma as a public health strategy, regard- less of whether or not individuals are opposed to vaccines, is likely to be ineffective at promoting vaccine uptake. 62 Unvaccinated or partially vaccinated individuals often have concerns that are based in some form of evidence (eg, prior COVID- 19 infection, data
+on age- based risk, historical/current trust issues with public health and governments, including structural racism), personal experiences (eg, direct or indirect experience of adverse drug reactions or iatrogenic injuries, unrelated trauma, issues with access to care to address adverse events, etc) and concerns about the democratic process (eg, belief that governments have abused their power by invoking a constant state of emergency, eschewing public consultation and over-relying on pharmaceutical company- produced data) that may
+prevent or delay vaccination.
+=== Table 2 Political rhetoric regarding the unvaccinated ===
+[[:Emmanuel Macron]], PM of France ==
+“[It is] only a very small minority who are resisting. How do we reduce that minority? We reduce it
+by pissing them off even more...When my freedoms threaten those of others, I become someone
+irresponsible. Someone irresponsible is not a citizen.”
+[[:Justin Trudeau]], PM of Canada
+“When people are seeing cancer treatments and elective surgeries put off because beds are filled with people who chose not to get vaccinated, they’re frustrated...When people see that we are in lockdowns or serious public health restrictions right now because of the risk posed to all of us by unvaccinated people, people get angry.”
+“They are extremists who don’t believe in science, they’re often misogynists, also often racists...It’s a
+small group that muscles in, and we have to make a choice, as a leader and as a country: Do we tolerate
+these people?"
+[[:Joe Biden]], President of the USA
+“This is a pandemic of the unvaccinated. And it’s caused by the fact that despite America having an unprecedented and successful vaccination program, despite the fact that for almost five months free vaccines have been available in 80 000 different locations, we still have nearly 80 million Americans who have failed to get the shot.”
+"For the unvaccinated, you’re looking at a winter of severe illness and death for yourselves, your
+families, and the hospitals you may soon overwhelm."
+[[:Naftali Bennett]], PM of Israel
+“Dear citizens, those who refuse vaccines are endangering their health, those around them and the freedom of every Israeli citizen. They are endangering our freedom to work, the freedom of our children to learn and the freedom to hold celebrations with the family. Those who refuse vaccines hurt us all because if all of us were vaccinated, we would all be able to maintain daily life. But if one million Israelis continue to not get vaccinated, this will oblige the eight million others to shut themselves in their homes.”
+[[:Michael Gunner]], Northern Territories Chief Minister, Australia
+"If you are anti-mandate, you are absolutely anti-vax, I don't care what your personal vaccination status is. If you support, champion, give a green light, give comfort to [or] support anybody who argues against the vaccine, you are an anti-vaxxer, absolutely. Your personal vaccination status is not relevant. If you campaign against the mandate...If you say 'pro-persuasion', stuff it, shove it. You are anti-vax.”
+[[:Jacinda Ardern]], PM of New Zealand,
+"If you are still unvaccinated, not only will you be more at risk of catching COVID-19, but many of the freedoms others enjoy will be out of reach.... we have managed very high vaccination rates, generally, without the use of certificates but what has become clear to me is that they are not only a tool to drive up vaccines; they are a tool for confidence. People who are vaccinated will want to know that they are around other vaccinated people...it is a tool for business.”
+[[:Tony Blair]], former UK PM
+“We need to target the unvaccinated. Frankly if you are unvaccinated at the moment and you’re eligible and have no health reason for being unvaccinated, you’re not only irresponsible but you’re an idiot. I am sorry but truthfully you are. With this Omicron variant...you will get it and this will put a lot of strain on the health service.”
+[[:Rodrigo Duterte]], President of the Philippines
+“I’m now giving orders to village leaders to look for those persons who are not vaccinated and request
+them to stay put [in their house]...If they refuse to vaccinate, or continue to leave their home, the village
+leaders are empowered to arrest them...."
+=== No jab, no job’ mandates ===
+(eg, government employees, key workers, public and private sector)
+Australia, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Fiji, France, Ghana, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lebanon, New Zealand, Oman, Poland, Philippines, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, USA
+Healthcare worker mandates - Australia, Britain, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, England, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Lebanon, New Zealand, Poland, USA (some states)
+=== Internal vaccine passports ===
+to attend social events, restaurants, bars, nightclubs, fitness facilities, entertainment venues and for bus/train/airport travel -
+Australia, Austria, Britain, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Israel, Kenya, Lebanon, Morocco, Netherlands, Romania, Serbia, Singapore, Switzerland, South Korea, Ukraine, USA (some states)
+=== School-based mandates==
+Canada (several provinces), Costa Rica, Lithuania and USA (some states) ((https://web.archive.org/web/20220526145157/https://gh.bmj.com/content/bmjgh/7/5/e008684.full.pdf))
+{{ ::bmj_propaganda_antivaxx.png |}}