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-===== Rita Colwell =====
-==== Biography ====
-=== 2006 Edition ===
-Dr. Rita R. Colwell became the 11th Director of the National Science Foundation on August 4, 1998.
-Dr. Colwell spearheaded the agency's emphases in K-12 science and mathematics education, graduate science and engineering education/training and the increased participation of women and minorities in science and engineering.
-Her policy approach enabled the agency to strengthen its core activities, as well as establish major initiatives, including Nanotechnology, Biocomplexity, Information Technology, Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences and the 21st Century Workforce. In her capacity as NSF Director, she served as Co-chair of the Committee on Science of the National Science and Technology Council.
-Under her leadership, the Foundation received significant budget increases, and its funding recently reached a level of more than $5.3 billion.
-Before coming to NSF, Dr. Colwell was President of the [[:University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute]], 1991-1998, and she remains Professor of Microbiology and Biotechnology (on leave) at the University Maryland. She was also a member of the National Science Board from 1984 to 1990.
-Dr. Colwell has held many advisory positions in the U.S. Government, non-profit science policy organizations, and private foundations, as well as in the international scientific research community. She is a nationally respected scientist and educator, and has authored or co-authored 16 books and more than 600 scientific publications. She **produced the award-winning film, Invisible Seas**, and has served on editorial boards of numerous scientific journals.
-She is the recipient of numerous awards, including the Medal of Distinction from Columbia University, the Gold Medal of Charles University, Prague, the UCLA Medal from the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Alumna Summa Laude Dignata from the University of Washington, Seattle.
-Dr. Colwell has also been awarded **35 honorary degrees** from institutions of higher education, including her Alma Mater, Purdue University. Dr. Colwell is an honorary member of the microbiological societies of the UK, France, Israel, Bangladesh, and the U.S. and has held several honorary professorships, including the University of Queensland, Australia. A geological site in Antarctica, Colwell Massif, has been named in recognition of her work in the polar regions.
-Dr. Colwell has previously served as Chairman of the Board of Governors of the American Academy of Microbiology and also as President of the [[:American Association for the Advancement of Science]], the American Society for Microbiology, the Sigma Xi National Science Honorary Society, and the International Union of Microbiological Societies. Dr. Colwell is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Philosophical Society and the National Academy of Sciences. ((https://web.archive.org/web/20060513155619/https://www.nsf.gov/news/speeches/colwell/colwell_bio.jsp))